GNOME 3 startup setxkbmap
This works for me: add setxkbmap latam to /usr/share/gnome/autostart/keyboard.desktop: load keyboard spanish on statup Finally, I have spanish keyboard on startup !!! 5 + 5 ? Yes! I found inspiration here: Gnome 3 startup setxkbmap . UPDATE: maybe is better add Exec=setxkbmap es instead Exec=setxkbmap latam at least, is more easy to find "\" key.